Fundamentals

• Strauß, S. (2018). From big data to deep learning: A leap towards strong AI or 'Intelligentia obscura'?. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 2(3), 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc2030016
• De Witt, C., Gloerfeld, C., & Wrede, S. E. (2023). Künstliche Intelligenz in der Bildung (1st ed.). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-658-40079-8

EU AI Act

• European Commission (n.d.). Regulatory framework proposal on artificial intelligence. Digital Strategy. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai
• European Parliament (June 1, 2023). EU AI Act: First regulation on artificial intelligence. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20230601STO93804/eu-ai-act-first-regulation-on-artificial-intelligence
• European Commission (April 21, 2021). Europe fit for the digital age: Commission proposes new rules and actions for excellence and trust in artificial intelligence [Press release]. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/QANDA_21_1683
• Bundesministerium für Klimaschutz, Umwelt, Energie, Mobilität, Innovation und Technologie (n.d.). Nationale KI-Strategie: Künstliche Intelligenz in Österreich. https://www.ki-strategie.at/
• EU Artificial Intelligence Act (2024). High-level summary of the Artificial Intelligence Act. https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/high-level-summary/
• Wikipedia (n.d.). Regulierung von künstlicher Intelligenz. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulierung_von_künstlicher_Intelligenz (Last retrieved on: September 3, 2024)

Environmental Impact

• De Vries, A. (2023). Commentary: The growing energy footprint of artificial intelligence. Joule. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2023.09.004
• Rad, A. (May 23, 2023). Is generative AI bad for the environment? A computer scientist explains the carbon footprint of ChatGPT and its cousins. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/is-generative-ai-bad-for-the-environment-a-computer-scientist-explains-the-carbon-footprint-of-chatgpt-and-its-cousins-204096
• Heikkilä, M. (December 1, 2023). Making an image with generative AI uses as much energy as charging your phone. MIT Technology Review. https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/12/01/1084189/making-an-image-with-generative-ai-uses-as-much-energy-as-charging-your-phone/
• Erdenesanaa, D. (October 10, 2023). AI could soon need as much electricity as an entire country. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/climate/ai-could-soon-need-as-much-electricity-as-an-entire-country.html
• Koot, M., Wijnhoven, F. (2021). Usage impact on data center electricity needs: A system dynamic forecasting model. Applied Energy, 291, 116798. https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/252516283/1_s2.0_S0306261921003019_main.pdf
• Cho, R. (June 9, 2023). AI's growing carbon footprint. Columbia Climate School. https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2023/06/09/ais-growing-carbon-footprint/

Democracy and AI

• Heikkilä, M. (November 15, 2022). Democracy and AI. MIT Technology Review. https://www.technologyreview.com/2022/11/15/1063202/why-we-need-to-do-a-better-job-of-measuring-ais-carbon-footprint/

Clickworker

• Perrigo, B. (January 18, 2023). Exclusive: OpenAI Used Kenyan Workers on Less Than $2 Per Hour to Make ChatGPT Less Toxic. Time. https://time.com/6247678/openai-chatgpt-kenya-workers/
• Kretschmer, C. (July 3, 2024). Clickworker – Ausgebeutet für künstliche Intelligenz. SWR Kultur. https://www.swr.de/swrkultur/wissen/clickworker-ausgebeutet-fuer-kuenstliche-intelligenz-104.html
• Kretschmer, C. (August 24, 2023). Clickworker: Klickarbeiter trainieren KI mit unzähligen Trainingsdaten. (May 12, 2023). Tagesschau. https://www.tagesschau.de/wissen/technologie/ki-klickarbeiter-trainingsdaten-100.html

• Bastian, M. (2024). Halluzinationen in großen Sprachmodellen: Bug oder Feature?. https://the-decoder.de/halluzinationen-in-grossen-sprachmodellen-bug-oder-feature/
• Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik. Deepfakes - Threats and Countermeasures. https://www.bsi.bund.de/EN/Themen/Unternehmen-und-Organisationen/Informationen-und-Empfehlungen/Kuenstliche-Intelligenz/Deepfakes/deepfakes_node.html
• Edwards, L. (2022). The EU AI Act: a summary of its significance and scope. Ada Lovelace Institute. https://www.adalovelaceinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Expert-explainer-The-EU-AI-Act-11-April-2022.pdf (Last retrieved on: September 13, 2024)
• European Commission (2024). AI for teaching and learning. https://school-education.ec.europa.eu/en/discover/news/ai-teaching-and-learning
• Funke, J. (2024). Halluzination in ChatGPT und Co: Wenn Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) beginnt zu halluzinieren. https://www.it-p.de/blog/ki-halluzination/
• McCallum, S. (2024). New material found by AI could reduce lithium use in batteries. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-67912033
• Gengler, E., Kraus, A., Bodrožić-Brnić, K. (2024). Faires KI-Prompting – Ein Leitfaden für Unternehmen. BSP Business and Law School – Hochschule für Management und Recht. https://www.digitalzentrum-zukunftskultur.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Faires-KI-Prompting-Ein-Leitfaden-fuer-Unternehmen.pdf
• Junge, J. (2024). KI für besseren Jugendaustausch - Mit Bots zum Erfolg?. Präsentation aus der KI-Werkstatt zum Prototypenbau erster Bots für bessere Förderung und Beratung von Jugendaustausch der Stiftung Deutsch-Russischer Jugendaustausch vom 10.-12. Juni 2024 in Berlin (unpublished).
• OpenAI. What are tokens and how to count them?. https://help.openai.com/en/articles/4936856-what-are-tokens-and-how-to-count-them
• PastryClass (2024). The Impact of AI in the Bakery Industry: A Simple Overview. https://www.pastryclass.com/articles/ai-impact-bakery-industry-overview
• Pesheva, E. (2024). A New Artificial Intelligence Tool for Cancer. Harvard Medical School. https://hms.harvard.edu/news/new-artificial-intelligence-tool-cancer
• Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 (July 12, 2024). Laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending various regulations (Artificial Intelligence Act). Official Journal of the European Union (L Series). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L:202401689
• Tompa, R. (2024). Generative AI develops potential new drugs for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Stanford Medicine. https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2024/03/ai-drug-development.html
• Vigen, T. (2024). Spurious Correlations #1,080. Spurious Correlations. https://tylervigen.com/spurious/correlation/1080_popularity-of-the-first-name-tyler_correlates_with_gasoline-pumped-in-italy#datadetail

• Business Punk (2024). Die Zukunft des Recruitings: Wie Unilever durch KI die Mitarbeitersuche revolutioniert. https://www.business-punk.com/2024/05/die-zukunft-des-recruitings-wie-unilever-durch-ki-die-mitarbeitersuche-revolutioniert/
• Deichmann+Fuchs (n.d.). Was ist beim Einsatz künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im Einstellungsverfahren zu beachten? Fokus Datenschutz. https://www.fokus-datenschutz.de/was-ist-beim-einsatz-kuenstlicher-intelligenz-ki-im-einstellungsverfahren-zu-beachten
• Harwell, D. (2019). A face-scanning algorithm increasingly decides whether you deserve the job. https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/10/22/ai-hiring-face-scanning-algorithm-increasingly-decides-whether-you-deserve-job/
• IQB Career Services (2023, Juni 14). KI in Bewerbungsprozessen – Vor- und Nachteile beim Einsatz künstlicher Intelligenz. IQB Karrieremagazin. https://www.iqb-career-services.com/articles/ki-in-bewerbungsprozessen-vor-und-nachteile-beim-einsatz-kuenstlicher-intelligenz
• Junge, J. (2023). KI-Kompass für NGOs – Mein Vorschlag für einen Code of Good Practice. https://www.juliajunge.de/ki-kompass-fuer-ngos-mein-vorschlag-fuer-einen-code-of-good-practice
• Kock, A. (2024). KI und Arbeitsrecht: Das bedeutet der AI Act für den HR-Bereich. https://kpmg-law.de/ki-und-arbeitsrecht-das-bedeutet-der-ai-act-fuer-den-hr-bereich
• Learning Collider (2022). Algorithms in Hiring. How they work…and how they don’t. https://blog.learningcollider.org/algorithms-in-hiring-6760ea8869b
• Salesforce (2023). More than Half of Generative AI Adopters Use Unapproved Tools at Work. https://www.salesforce.com/news/stories/more-than-half-of-generative-ai-adopters-use-unapproved-tools-at-work
• Suresh, H., & Guttag, J. (2021). A Framework for Understanding Sources of Harm throughout the Machine Learning Life Cycle. ACM Digital Library. https://dl.acm.org/doi/fullHtml/10.1145/3465416.3483305
• Wilke, F. (2018). Künstliche Intelligenz diskriminiert (noch). Zeit Online. https://www.zeit.de/arbeit/2018-10/bewerbungsroboter-kuenstliche-intelligenz-amazon-frauen-diskriminierung

• Alam, A. (2023). Harnessing the power of AI to create intelligent tutoring systems for enhanced classroom experience and improved learning outcomes. In G. Rajakumar,K. L. Du,Á. Rocha (Eds.), Intelligent communication technologies and virtual mobile networks, 171, pp. 571-591. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1767-9_42
• De Witt, C., Gloerfeld, C., & Wrede, S. E. (2023). Künstliche Intelligenz in der Bildung (1st ed.). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-658-40079-8
• Gligorea, I., Cioca, M., Oancea, R., Gorski, A.-T., Gorski, H., & Tudorache, P. (2023). Adaptive learning using artificial intelligence in e-learning: A literature review. Education Sciences, 13(12), 1216. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13121216
• Gonzales, S. (August 6, 2024). AI literacy and the new digital divide: A global call for action. UNESCO. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/ai-literacy-and-new-digital-divide-global-call-action
• Lin, C. C., Huang, A. Y. Q., & Lu, O. H. T. (2023). Artificial intelligence in intelligent tutoring systems toward sustainable education: A systematic review. Smart Learning Environments, 10, p. 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00260-y
• Abdul Rahim, S. K. N., Jaafar, A. H., & Baskaran, G. (2023). Investigating AI-powered tutoring systems that adapt to individual student needs, providing personalized guidance and assessments. The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational & Social Sciences (EPESS), 31, pp. 67-73. https://doi.org/10.55549/epess.1381518